PhD student Friedrich Lenz performed a statistical analysis of flight
paths of bumblebees foraging in a laboratory experiment carried out by
Tom Ings and Lars Chittka, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences,
Queen Mary University of London. The bumblebees were searching for
nectar in a patch of artificial flowers both without predation risk and
under predation thread by artificial spiders randomly distributed on
the flowers. We found that, surprisingly, the probability distribution
of velocities did not change under predation risk. All the changes were
contained in the velocity correlation functions quantifying the
temporal changes of the velocities along trajectories. Our result has
to be seen within the context of the ongoing debate about optimal
foraging theories, where correlation functions have so far not really
been appreciated.
Our results have been published in the international top journal
Physical Review Letters, highlighted therein as an
Editor's Suggestion.
They were furthermore highlighted by a
synopsis in the journal
Physics of the American Physical Society.
some international press coverage of this research:
This international conference, for which full funding was awarded from the Max Planck
Society, took place at the MPIPKS Dresden in July/August 2011 for
a duration of 3 weeks. The aim was to particularly bring together
mathematicians and theoretical physicists working on the conference
topic. An overwhelming number of applications was received. Together with R.Zweimueller (Surrey), E.Barkai
(Bar-Ilan) and H.Kantz (Dresden) I have been organizing this event as the main organizer.
- Referee awards in UK and USA
- Book: Anomalous transport - Foundations and applications
Because of the big success of an international conference on anomalous transport,
please see below, we organizers decided to edit a multi-author reference book on the very same topic, as an
introduction to this important, very active field of research. The book (584
pages) got published by Wiley-VCH in July 2008. Until March 2011 more
than 240 copies were sold, and the book was cited more than 100 times
(according to Web of Science) / more than 130 times (Google Scholar). It thus quickly developed into a
standard reference for this whole field. Please see
the book's homepage for further details.
- PNAS article: Anomalous
dynamics of
cell migration
In an interdisciplinary
collaboration
with
Peter
Dieterich, TU Dresden,
A.
Schwab, University of Muenster,
and
R.
Preuss, MPI for Plasma Physics, Garching, we showed that
biological
cells can exhibit a very
interesting dynamical behavior: Isolated single cells were put on
substrates on
which they
crawl (with a remote similarly to `caterpillars'). Recording their
trajectories
with a video camera, the
experimental data matches nicely to statistical predictions of a
specific
theoretical model (a so-called
fractional Klein-Kramers equation), which describes a transition from
sub- to superdiffusive behavior as time increases.
That is, the cell's dynamics is very different from ordinary Brownian
motion.
These results have been published as an article in the international
top journal
Proceedings
of
the National Academy of Sciences in January 2008; see
PNAS
105, 459--463 (2008). This article was already cited more than 70 times since then (Web of Science).
See the
Dresdner
Universitaetsjournal 12/2008, p.6 for a short popular science
account of our findings.
- Monograph: Microscopic chaos, fractals and transport in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics
In 2003 I completed a
300-page
summary of my research performed over the previous years. This work
got accepted as my
Habilitation
Thesis at the TU
Dresden.
An updated and considerably amended 460 page version got published in
June 2007 as a book in the
Advanced Series in Nonlinear Dynamics, World Scientific, Vol.24. Until
March 2013 more than 350 copies were sold, and the book was cited more than
40 times (Web of Science) / more than 60 times (Google Scholar). Please
see
the
book's homepage for further details.
- Research grant: Anomalous deterministic transport and fluctuation relations
In September 2006 I
awarded a
research
grant from the
British
EPSRC council. With this grant (£250,000) I partially funded my own post for two years, I
received travel money, money for computers and money for inviting
collaborators. The grant included a 2-year postdoc position.
This very interdisciplinary international conference,
for which full funding was awarded from
the Heraeus Foundation, took place at the Physikzentrum Bad Honnef in
July 2006 for a duration of 4 days. The meeting involved about 70
international participants from 17 different countries. Together with G.Radons (Chemnitz) and I.M.Sokolov
(Berlin) I have been organizing this event as the main organizer. See also the
multi-author
reference book related to this conference.
This international conference, for which full funding
was awarded from the Max Planck Society, took place at the MPIPKS
Dresden in August 2002 for a duration of 3 weeks. It involved about
90 participants from 22 different countries. Together with P.Gaspard (Brussels), H.van Beijeren (Utrecht)
and J.R.Dorfman (College Park) I have been organizing
this event as the main organizer. All of us were serving as guest editors
at the International scientific journal
Physica D for the accompanying
400-page Special Issue.
- Letter: Fractal
Transport
Coefficients
During my Ph.D. thesis
work I
discovered
the phenomenon that diffusion coefficients can be fractal functions of
control parameters. At first view this finding appears
to be counter-intuitive, since usually one expects physical quantities
to
change
smoothly under parameter variation as, for example, in Ohm's
law.
Subsequently it was shown by colleagues, coworkers and myself that this
behavior is
quite typical not
only for diffusion but also for other types of transport coefficients
(e.g., electrical conductivities, chemical reaction rates)
characterizing transport in low-dimensional
deterministic dynamical systems exhibiting spatial
periodicities. This class of systems thus exhibits
properties
that are at the borderline of traditional statistical physics revealing
fingerprints of an underlying microscopic deterministic dynamics.
Physical systems of this class being accessible in experiments are,
for example, semiconductor devices like antidots and Josephson
junctions, certain types of ratchets,
and corrugated vibratory conveyors, the latter frequently being used in
industrial applications for transporting granular entities. For all
these systems there are theoretical predictions of fractal, or at least
highly
irregular, parameter
dependencies of physical transport properties. Although hints
on experimental observations of such irregularities already exist in
the
literature, it still remains to clearly match theory with experiments
at this point.
some accounts of this finding in textbooks:
- R.Artuso and P.Cvitanovic, Deterministic
Diffusion,
Chapter 20 in:
P. Cvitanović, R. Artuso, R. Mainieri, G. Tanner and G. Vattay, Chaos:
Classical and Quantum. (Niels Bohr Institute,
Copenhagen
2004)
- J.R. Dorfman, An
introduction to chaos in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics.
(Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999)
- P. Gaspard, Chaos,
Scattering, and Statistical Mechanics.
(Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1998)
- see picture in H.G.Schuster, Deterministic
Chaos. 4th edition (VCH Weinheim, 2005)