In Cosmology, Gravitation and Relativity we elucidated the possible nature of inflation and dark energy, including developing observational signatures/tests of models motivated by theories of quantum gravity, and are at the forefront of a pioneering program to develop non-linear cosmological perturbation theory.

In Formation and Dynamics of Planetary Systems we made leading contributions to theories of planetary accumulation and migration, and our new exoplanet atmosphere models have been fundamental to interpretation of Spitzer data on short-period exoplanets (Hot Jupiters). We are world-leaders in small body dynamics and in planetary ring studies, with a key role in the interpretation of Cassini data. Similarly we are leaders in the investigation of satellite formation scenarios and instabilities in the Kuiper belt.

In Solar and Stellar Physics we developed unique high-precision asteroseismic techniques for diagnosing the internal structure and rotation of the sun and stars, and 2 and 3D models of dynamos, convection and rotating stars. We are involved with a number of international ESA/NASA space missions such as CoRoT, and Kepler.

In Space and Astrophysical Plasmas we highlight contributions to understanding the structure and non-stationarity in collisionless shocks.

In Survey Astronomy we lead the construction of VISTA (the 4-m Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy), which will revolutionize IR survey astronomy, and which we have used to help gain UK membership of ESO. The AU has further increased its international profile through major participation in the ESA/NASA space missions Cassini, Cluster and CoRoT, with major roles in mission planning and data handling, as well as scientific output.